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Private Function LongToBinary(ByVal long_value As Long, _
    Optional ByVal separate_bytes As Boolean = True) As String

Dim hex_string As String
Dim digit_num As Integer
Dim digit_value As Integer
Dim nibble_string As String
Dim result_string As String
Dim factor As Integer
Dim bit As Integer

' Convert into hex.
    hex_string = Hex$(long_value)

' Zero-pad to a full 8 characters.
    hex_string = Right$(String$(8, "0") & hex_string, 8)

' Read the hexadecimal digits
    ' one at a time from right to left.
    For digit_num = 8 To 1 Step -1
        ' Convert this hexadecimal digit into a
        ' binary nibble.
        digit_value = CLng("&H" & Mid$(hex_string, _
            digit_num, 1))

' Convert the value into bits.
        factor = 1
        nibble_string = ""
        For bit = 3 To 0 Step -1
            If digit_value And factor Then
                nibble_string = "1" & nibble_string
            Else
                nibble_string = "0" & nibble_string
            End If
            factor = factor * 2
        Next bit

' Add the nibble's string to the left of the
        ' result string.
        result_string = nibble_string & result_string
    Next digit_num

' Add spaces between bytes if desired.
    If separate_bytes Then
        result_string = _
            Mid$(result_string, 1, 8) & " " & _
            Mid$(result_string, 9, 8) & " " & _
            Mid$(result_string, 17, 8) & " " & _
            Mid$(result_string, 25, 8)
    End If

' Return the result.
    LongToBinary = result_string
End Function